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Typically the op-amp's very large gain is controlled by negative feedback, which largely determines the magnitude of its output ("closed-loop") voltage gain in amplifier applications, or the transfer function required (in analog computers). Without negative feedback, and perhaps with positive feedback for regeneration, an op-amp essentially acts as a comparator. High input impedance at the input terminals (ideally infinite) and low output impedance at the output terminal(s) (ideally zero) are important typical characteristics.... [read more]

This circuit operates two LED strips in pulsing mode, i.e. one LED strip goes from off state, lights up gradually, then dims gradually, etc. while the other LED strip do the contrary.... [read more]

A truly timeless circuit. LM317 is a versatile and highly efficient 1.2-37V voltage regulator that can provide up to 1.5A of current with a large heat sink. It's ideal for just about any application. This was my first workbench power supply and I still use it.... [read more]

The circuit constitutes a natural extension of Mic-Line balance unit, but can be adapted to any other audio circuit. It is made up of two units in the series : A) A classic unit bass/ Treble and B) a parametric unit of mid frequencies. Both units can also be used autonomously or each one separately, with the required buffer unit, from previous and subsequent circuits.... [read more]

The ICL7107 is a 3 1/2 digit LED A/D convertor. It contains an internal voltage reference, high isolation analog switches, sequential control logic, and the display drivers.... [read more]

AM To FM converter... [read more]