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The two circuits illustrate using the 555 timer to close a relay for a predetermined amount of time by pressing a momentary N/O push button. The circuit on the left can be used for long time periods where the push button can be pressed and released before the end of the timing period. For shorter periods, a capacitor can be used to isolate the switch so that only the initial switch closure is seen by the timer input and the switch can remain closed for an unlimited period without effecting the output.... [read more]

Is the battery empty, or is there something wrong with the device? That’s always a difficult question when your walkman or some other battery-powered device appears to be dead when you switch it on. Before you take it to the shop for servicing, the first thing you should do is to test the battery or batteries. Of course, this means you need a reliable battery tester, but it also means you can limit the damage to the cost of a battery or two and a one-time investment of time and money in building a suitable tester.... [read more]

A unit which is often very useful, if we need to isolate, in sound circuits, two stage between them. Then we can use this circuit which has an amplified unit, which gain X1, we do not use total negative feedback, only local, with the result that distortion remains at a very low level. Matching must be done with great care to the types of transistors, resistor between them.... [read more]

The Elect. Sel. 8 is a simple circuit, with a choice of 8 sources of any sort ,of 8 independent switches. Each switch corresponding with a relay for example the switch S1 activates the RL1 e.t.c. The uses of the circuit are quite a few, choice of entrances in a sound amplifier, choice of command, in a digital circuit etc. In each entrance a LED which may be independent, except if switches with led are used.... [read more]

A opamp. medium power, here it‘s used as amplifier of headphones with possibility drive low loads. It contains in a nutshell two amplifiers.... [read more]

This circuit was developed to charge the Lithium-Polymer cells used in a model aircraft. Lithium-Polymer cells are incredibly lightweight compared to Ni-cad battery packs of the same voltage and amp-hour rating. Their only drawback is that they require a rigid charge and discharge regime to achieve maximum life.... [read more]